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PMID: 19232129 Published · epublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Phylogenetic diversity of stress signalling pathways in fungi.

BMC evolutionary biology ·Vol. 9 ·2009-02-21 ·Pages 44

Nikolaou E, Agrafioti I, Stumpf M, Quinn J, Stansfield I, Brown AJ

Abstract

Microbes must sense environmental stresses, transduce these signals and mount protective responses to survive in hostile environments. In this study we have tested the hypothesis that fungal stress signalling pathways have evolved rapidly in a niche-specific fashion that is independent of phylogeny. To test this hypothesis we have compared the conservation of stress signalling molecules in diverse fungal species with their stress resistance. These fungi, which include ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and microsporidia, occupy highly divergent niches from saline environments to plant or mammalian hosts. The fungi displayed significant variation in their resistance to osmotic (NaCl and sorbitol), oxidative (H2O2 and menadione) and cell wall stresses (Calcofluor White and Congo Red). There was no strict correlation between fungal phylogeny and stress resistance. Rather, the human pathogens tended to be more resistant to all three types of stress, an exception being the sensitivity of Candida albicans to the cell wall stress, Calcofluor White. In contrast, the plant pathogens were relatively sensitive to oxidative stress. The degree of conservation of osmotic, oxidative and cell wall stress signalling pathways amongst the eighteen fungal species was examined. Putative orthologues of functionally defined signalling components in Saccharomyces cerevisiae were identified by performing reciprocal BLASTP searches, and the percent amino acid identities of these orthologues recorded. This revealed that in general, central components of the osmotic, oxidative and cell wall stress signalling pathways are relatively well conserved, whereas the sensors lying upstream and transcriptional regulators lying downstream of these modules have diverged significantly. There was no obvious correlation between the degree of conservation of stress signalling pathways and the resistance of a particular fungus to the corresponding stress. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that fungal stress signalling components have undergone rapid recent evolution to tune the stress responses in a niche-specific fashion.

MeSH Terms
Benzenesulfonates/pharmacology Candida albicans/drug effects,genetics,metabolism Cell Wall/drug effects,metabolism Congo Red/pharmacology DNA, Fungal/genetics Evolution, Molecular Fungal Proteins/genetics,metabolism Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal Genome, Fungal Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology Osmotic Pressure Oxidative Stress Phylogeny Saccharomyces cerevisiae/drug effects,genetics,metabolism Signal Transduction/genetics Sodium Chloride/pharmacology Sorbitol/pharmacology Vitamin K 3/pharmacology
Chemicals
Benzenesulfonates DNA, Fungal Fungal Proteins Congo Red Sodium Chloride Sorbitol Vitamin K 3 C.I. Fluorescent Brightening Agent 28 Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors & Affiliations
6 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Nikolaou Elissavet
Aberdeen Fungal Group, School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK. [email protected]
Agrafioti Ino
Stumpf Michael
Quinn Janet
Stansfield Ian
Brown Alistair J P
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Article Info
Journal
BMC evolutionary biology
Abbr.
BMC Evol Biol
ISSN
1471-2148
DOI
10.1186/1471-2148-9-44
Email
[email protected]
Published
2009-02-21
Epub
2009-00-21
Pages
44
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
100966975
PMCID
PMC2666651
Subset
IM
Grants
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council · BB/C510391/1 · United Kingdom
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council · BB/F013566/1 · United Kingdom
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council · BB/D009308/1 · United Kingdom
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council · BB/F00513X/1 · United Kingdom
Wellcome Trust · 080088 · United Kingdom
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-9-44 PMC Full Text View journal details
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