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PMID: 8637857 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Review

The anatomy of T-cell activation and tolerance.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ·Vol. 93 ·No. 6 ·1996-03-19 ·Pages 2245-52

Mondino A, Khoruts A, Jenkins MK

Abstract

The mammalian immune system must specifically recognize and eliminate foreign invaders but refrain from damaging the host. This task is accomplished in part by the production of a large number of T lymphocytes, each bearing a different antigen receptor to match the enormous variety of antigens present in the microbial world. However, because antigen receptor diversity is generated by a random mechanism, the immune system must tolerate the function of T lymphocytes that by chance express a self-reactive antigen receptor. Therefore, during early development, T cells that are specific for antigens expressed in the thymus are physically deleted. The population of T cells that leaves the thymus and seeds the secondary lymphoid organs contains helpful cells that are specific for antigens from microbes but also potentially dangerous T cells that are specific for innocuous extrathymic self antigens. The outcome of an encounter by a peripheral T cell with these two types of antigens is to a great extent determined by the inability of naive T cells to enter nonlymphoid tissues or to be productively activated in the absence of inflammation.

MeSH Terms
Animals Antibody Formation Antigens/immunology B-Lymphocytes/immunology Clonal Deletion Humans Immune Tolerance Lymphatic System/immunology Lymphocyte Activation Receptors, Immunologic/physiology T-Lymphocytes/immunology Thymus Gland/cytology,immunology
Chemicals
Antigens Receptors, Immunologic
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Mondino A
Department of Microbiology and the Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
Khoruts A
Jenkins M K
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Article Info
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Abbr.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
ISSN
0027-8424
DOI
10.1073/pnas.93.6.2245
Published
1996-03-19
Pages
2245-52
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7505876
PMCID
PMC39780
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.6.2245 PMC Full Text View journal details
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