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PMID: 7915817 Published · ppublish English Comparative Study Journal Article Review

Analysis of the sequence and gene products of the transfer region of the F sex factor.

Microbiological reviews ·Vol. 58 ·No. 2 ·1994-06-00 ·Pages 162-210

Frost LS, Ippen-Ihler K, Skurray RA

Abstract

Bacterial conjugation results in the transfer of DNA of either plasmid or chromosomal origin between microorganisms. Transfer begins at a defined point in the DNA sequence, usually called the origin of transfer (oriT). The capacity of conjugative DNA transfer is a property of self-transmissible plasmids and conjugative transposons, which will mobilize other plasmids and DNA sequences that include a compatible oriT locus. This review will concentrate on the genes required for bacterial conjugation that are encoded within the transfer region (or regions) of conjugative plasmids. One of the best-defined conjugation systems is that of the F plasmid, which has been the paradigm for conjugation systems since it was discovered nearly 50 years ago. The F transfer region (over 33 kb) contains about 40 genes, arranged contiguously. These are involved in the synthesis of pili, extracellular filaments which establish contact between donor and recipient cells; mating-pair stabilization; prevention of mating between similar donor cells in a process termed surface exclusions; DNA nicking and transfer during conjugation; and the regulation of expression of these functions. This review is a compendium of the products and other features found in the F transfer region as well as a discussion of their role in conjugation. While the genetics of F transfer have been described extensively, the mechanism of conjugation has proved elusive, in large part because of the low levels of expression of the pilus and the numerous envelope components essential for F plasmid transfer. The advent of molecular genetic techniques has, however, resulted in considerable recent progress. This summary of the known properties of the F transfer region is provided in the hope that it will form a useful basis for future comparison with other conjugation systems.

MeSH Terms
Amino Acid Sequence Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/genetics Bacterial Proteins/genetics,metabolism Base Sequence Conjugation, Genetic/genetics Escherichia coli/genetics Escherichia coli Proteins F Factor/genetics Fimbriae Proteins Fimbriae, Bacterial/metabolism Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial Genes, Bacterial Membrane Proteins Molecular Sequence Data Protein Biosynthesis Sequence Alignment Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Transcription, Genetic
Chemicals
Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins Bacterial Proteins Escherichia coli Proteins Membrane Proteins TraL protein, E coli Fimbriae Proteins
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Frost L S
Department of Microbiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Ippen-Ihler K
Skurray R A
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Article Info
Journal
Microbiological reviews
Abbr.
Microbiol Rev
ISSN
0146-0749
DOI
10.1128/mr.58.2.162-210.1994
Published
1994-06-00
Pages
162-210
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7806086
PMCID
PMC372961
Subset
IM
Databases
GENBANK
U01159
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/mr.58.2.162-210.1994 PMC Full Text
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